The International Day of Education is marked on January 24 every year. The Egyptian constitution recognizes education as one of the fundamental human rights. This right is enshrined in Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: “Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.”
The Egyptian constitution also emphasizes the importance of education in Article 19, which states: “Every citizen has the right to education with the aim of building the Egyptian character, maintaining national identity, planting the roots of scientific thinking, developing talents, promoting innovation and establishing civilizational and spiritual values and the concepts of citizenship, tolerance and non-discrimination. The state shall be committed to upholding its aims in education curricula and methods, and providing education in accordance with global quality criteria. Education is obligatory until the end of the secondary stage or its equivalent. The state shall grant free education in different stages in state educational institutions as per the law.”
However, education in Egypt has been facing major problems for years, the most serious of which is the shortage in teachers and classrooms. The shortage is estimated at 250,000 classrooms and 655,000 teachers.
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